Science Assessment ~ Ideas ~ Geometric figures, number sequences, graphs, diagrams, sketches, number lines, maps, and oral and written descriptions can be used to represent objects, events, and processes in the real world.

Key Idea: A model of something is similar to but not exactly like the thing being modeled.

Sub-Ideas
Items & Student Performance
Misconceptions
NGSS

Students are expected to know that:

A model represents (brings to mind) one or more aspects of the thing being modeled.
While a model represents one or more aspects of the thing being modeled, it does not represent all aspects of the thing being modeled.

Percent of students answering correctly (click on the item ID number to view the item and additional data)
Item ID Number	Knowledge Being Assessed	Grades 6–8	Grades 9–12
MO024003	A model can be bigger or smaller than the thing it represents.	61%	77%
MO022004	A model is similar to the thing it represents in some ways but different in other ways.	58%	69%
MO081001	A model can be a different shape than the thing it represents, and it can be made from different materials.	35%	38%
MO080001	A model can be different from the thing it represents in both size and shape.	31%	29%
MO082001	A model can be a different shape than the thing it represents, and it can be a different color.	25%	27%
MO025003	A model sometimes looks quite different from the object it is supposed to represent.	17%	14%

Frequency of selecting a misconception
Misconception ID Number	Student Misconception	Grades 6–8	Grades 9–12
MOM003	A model should look like the object, event, or process it is modeling (with the possible exception that it can be smaller). Therefore, a diagram or graph could be considered a model only if it bore a physical resemblance to what is being represented (Grosslight et al., 1991; Penner et al., 1997; Treagust, et al. 2002; Schwartz & White, 2005).	41%	30%

Frequency of selecting a misconception was calculated by dividing the total number of times a misconception was chosen by the number of times it could have been chosen, averaged over the number of students answering the questions within this particular idea.

No NGSS statements are associated with this idea in the selected project.