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Does sunlight increase the temperature of the air around the earth directly, or does sunlight first increase the temperature of the land, which then increases the temperature of the air?

  1. Sunlight increases the temperature of the air directly, but sunlight does not increase the temperature of the land, and the land does not increase the temperature of the air.
  2. Sunlight increases the temperature of both the air and the land directly, but the land does not increase the temperature of the air.
  3. Sunlight increases the temperature of both the air and the land directly, and the land increases the temperature of the air.
  4. Sunlight increases the temperature of the land directly, but the land does not increase the temperature of the air, and the temperature of the air is not increased directly by the sunlight.
Distribution of responses
Answer Choice
Overall
Grades
Gender
Primary Language
 
n = 3158
6–8
n = 1890
9–12
n = 1266
Male
n = 1511
Female
n = 1577
English
n = 2826
Other
n = 254
A. 15% 17% 12% 16% 14% 15% 17%
B. 31% 33% 27% 31% 31% 31% 28%
C. 40% 36% 46% 40% 40% 40% 40%
D. 14% 14% 15% 13% 15% 14% 15%