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Item ID026005: Changes in a population may affect populations that are not directly connected by a feeding relationship even if they are several steps away in a food web (no specific organisms indicated).

The diagram below shows the feeding relationships between populations of organisms L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, and S in an area. The arrows point from the organisms being eaten to the organisms that eat them.

Using only the relationships between the organisms shown in the diagram, which of the populations of organisms would be affected if the Ls were removed?

  1. Only the populations of Os, Qs, and Ss would be affected.
  2. The populations of all of the organisms except the Ss would be affected.
  3. Only the populations of Ms, Os, and Ns would be affected.
  4. The populations of all of the organisms would be affected.