ASPECt
Energy: Forms, Transformation, Transfer, and Conservation
Most of what goes on in the universe—from exploding stars and biological growth to the operation of machines a…
Item NG099002: When skateboarding down a hill, gravitational potential energy is transformed into motion energy and thermal energy.
A girl is riding her skateboard down a hill. She speeds up as she goes down the hill, and the wheels of the skate board get a little warmer.
What energy transformations happen while she is going down the hill?
- Kinetic energy (motion energy) is transformed into gravitational potential energy and thermal energy.
- Gravitational potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy (motion energy) and thermal energy.
- Gravitational potential energy is transformed only into kinetic energy (motion energy).
- No energy transformations are involved while she is going down the hill.
- Distribution of Responses
- Scale Score for Item Difficulty
(200[Easy]-800[Difficult]) - 488
- Students Responding Correctly
| Group | Correct | Total | Percent |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 547 | 1112 | 49% |
| Grades | |||
| 4–5 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| 6–8 | 278 | 648 | 43% |
| 9–12 | 269 | 464 | 58% |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 300 | 566 | 53% |
| Female | 240 | 533 | 45% |
| Primary Language | |||
| English | 484 | 985 | 49% |
| Other | 51 | 106 | 48% |
- Disciplinary Core Ideas
- PS3.B When the motion energy of an object changes, there is inevitably some other change in energy at the same time.
- NRC Framework
- PS3.A Any change in potential energy is accompanied by changes in other forms of energy within the system, or by energy transfers into or out of the system.